What A Serger Does

Have you ever wondered what exactly a serger does, and whether you need one in addition to your regular sewing machine? The answer is: quite a lot! It can quickly sew a seam, trim the seam allowance and overcast the edge, all in one step. It can also be used to make rolled hems, do flatlock stitching, make mock band hems, make blind hems and gather fabric, among other things. Learn more about these functions in this post.

Read More

How to Sew Knit Fabric Without Puckering

I love the comfort of a knit garment, but let’s be honest, knit fabric can be a real pain to sew because it is often hard to sew knit fabric without creating wavy seams. Over the years I learned to take three simple steps to sew knit fabrics without puckering: (1) use a walking foot to help ease the fabric into the sewing machine, (2) stabilize the fabric with tissue paper, and (3) press the seam after stitching. Read on to learn more about each step.

Read More

Seam Ripper Uses

One of my biggest sewing pet peeves used to be unpicking my stitches whenever I made a mistake. Luckily, I have learned ways to quickly and easily unpick stitches, and along the way I’ve also learned some other uses for my trusty little seam ripper. Check out this post to learn more about both.

Read More

All About Backstitching

Most sewists have been taught to backstitch, but is backstitching necessary all the time, and is it always the best method of stopping stitches from unravelling? The answer is no — backstitching is not always necessary and there are other more polished alternatives. Read this post to learn all about backstitching and the alternatives.

Read More

How to Cut Fabric On the Bias

Want to make dresses that are effortlessly elegant and figure-flattering? Try cutting the dress on the bias. Read this post to learn how to adapt a sewing pattern designed to be cut on the straight grain and use it to cut a garment on the bias.

Read More

Lining Garments With Muslin Fabric

Have you ever started a sewing project, only to realize that you forgot to buy lining fabric? If so, you might have wondered whether you can use the muslin fabric you already have in your stash for the lining. The answer, fortunately, is yes, for some types of garments. Muslin can be used to line casual dresses and skirts made out of cotton or linen. However, muslin is not appropriate for lining more formal garments, such as suit jackets and pants. Always use soft, light- to medium-weight muslin (such as mull fabric) to line garments and remember to pre-wash the fabric before cutting to avoid shrinkage.

Read More

Recommended Equipment for Sewing

If you are just getting started in the sewing world, it can be a bit daunting to figure out what equipment you need to get and which brands to buy. Here is my list of recommended equipment for both beginners and more advanced sewists, including sewing machines, cutting equipment, interfacing, lining and notions.

Read More

Sewing Machine Settings for Stretchy Fabrics

If you’re just beginning to get into sewing, you might be wondering whether you can sew stretchy fabrics using a sewing machine. You definitely can successfully sew stretchy fabrics using a basic home sewing machine. Click here for my recommended machine settings.

Read More

How to Experiment with Print Placement Using Photoshop

Whenever I work with printed fabric, I often wish that there was a way to visualize the pattern placement in the final garment before cutting into my precious fabric. Turns out, there is! If you have Photoshop and a good picture of your fabric, you can use Photoshop to experiment with the pattern placement in your garment. Learn how in this video tutorial.

Read More

Sewing Clothes With Upholstery Fabric

You’ve probably been in this situation: you’re browsing the offerings at the fabric store (whether virtual or real) and you fall in love with one very special fabric, only to find out that it is categorized as “upholstery fabric.” I couldn’t help but wonder: can you sew clothes out of upholstery fabric? You can use upholstery fabrics to sew garments that call for structured, mid- to heavy-weight fabrics. Indeed, upholstery fabrics can be a really wonderful choice for coats and jackets because they often have stain-resistant properties that you want to have in outwear.

Read More

How to Clean Gunk Off Your Iron (I Tested 6 Different Methods)

One thing that will instantly elevate the quality of your finished garments is proper ironing. I never cared for ironing before I started sewing, but now that I sew most of my own clothes, I’ve become obsessed with properly ironing every seam, dart and edge of my projects. All that pressing can unfortunately lead to gunk building up on the hot plate of my iron, especially if you accidentally press your iron to the sticky side of interfacing. This gunk buildup eventually turns brown, which can then stain the precious fabric you are using in your sewing project.

So how do you clean that gunk off your iron? I tested six different methods for cleaning gunk off an iron, and the winner by far was Mr. Clean Magic Eraser, which was the only cleaning method that fully removed all of the gunk from the soleplate of the iron.

What kind of gunk builds up on irons?

Before I jump into the details of the test, a quick digression into the types of gunk that frequently build up on irons. For sewists, gunk on our irons usually comes from ironing the following products containing glue:

  • Fusible interfacing

  • Fusible fleece

  • Fusible web (like Stitch Witchery, Heat ‘n Bond and Wonder Under)

  • Hem tape (like Wundaweb)

  • Iron-on patches

Sewists may also get gunk buildup from:

  • Ironing fabric at too high of a heat setting

  • Ironing photo transfer paper

  • Melted plastic buttons or plastic heads on pins

I decided to test out different methods of removing the gunk buildup from all of these sources.

Setup of the test

I had the perfect subject for this test already built-in: an iron that had quite a lot of brown gunk caked on from probably over a year’s worth of sewing projects. I’m not sure exactly what this gunk consisted of, but my guess is it was a combination of glue from fusible interfacing and possibly some melted fabric from ironing fabrics at too high of a temperature.

To add to the gunk, I also intentionally (!) ironed the sticky side of some fusible interfacing before testing each cleaning method. That gave me a nice fresh coat of glue each time, so I could see if the cleaner removed it. Here’s a closeup of the long-term built-up gunk + freshly ironed fusible interfacing buildup on the soleplate of my iron:

Iron - before - for web.JPG

I tested the following methods for cleaning the gunk of my iron:

  1. Dryer sheet

  2. Dritz Iron-Off

  3. Cadie Iron Bottom Cleaner Stick

  4. Faultless Iron Cleaner

  5. Mr. Clean Magic Eraser

  6. Baking soda + vinegar paste

All+products+-+for+web.jpg

I then followed the manufacturer’s instructions (or instructions found on the internet, in the case of the dryer sheet and baking soda + vinegar paste), and noted how effective the method was at removing both the freshly ironed fusible interfacing and the long-term built-up brown gunk. I also noted whether there were any downsides to the cleaning method.

Results of the test

Overall, I found that all of the cleaning methods were effective at removing the gunk from the freshy ironed fusible interfacing, but only the Magic Eraser was able to remove all of the long-term built-up brown gunk. Furthermore, the Magic Eraser was easy to use, didn’t emit any nauseating fumes and didn’t ruin my dish towels, unlike some of the other methods I tried. Below is a table summarizing the results of the test:

  Removed fresh fusible? Removed long-term gunk buildup? Downsides
Dryer sheet Yes No Gave off terrible fumes
Dritz Iron-Off Yes No Ruined dish towels
Cadie iron bottom cleaner stick Yes Some None
Faultless iron cleaner Yes Some Ruined dish towels
Magic eraser Yes Yes None
Baking soda + vinegar paste ? ? Messy and time consuming

I describe the results of each test (with accompanying photos) in more detail below.

Dryer Sheet

This method was touted in the sewing forums as a quick and easy way to remove fusible interfacing from your iron, but I found it only achieved middling results in my test. As instructed by the internet, I set my iron to a low heat setting, then passed the iron over the dryer sheet. This method worked for removing the freshly ironed fusible interfacing, but it didn’t remove the long-term built-up brown gunk at all.

This method also has the serious side effect of releasing some really terrible-smelling fumes. I don’t know much about the science of dryer sheets, but I have read that dryer sheets are coated with fabric softeners that are released when heated in the dryer. I suspect that when I ironed the dryer sheet, the heat from the iron released the chemicals in the fabric softener, which promptly went up my nose because I was hunched over the iron. This might be why some commenters in the sewing forums recommended using used, unscented dryer sheets, as those sheets are likely to have fewer chemicals and fragrances.

Dritz Iron-Off

The instructions direct you to set your iron to the “cotton” setting, apply a small amount of Iron-Off to a thickly folded cloth, then rub the hot iron over the cloth. I diligently followed these instructions, and I was able to remove the freshly ironed fusible interfacing, but I just could not remove the long-term built-up brown gunk. I even repeated the process several times thinking that would do the trick - I applied more Iron-Off, wiped again, and repeated the process at least three times, but even after all that, the brown gunk was still on my iron plate! Worst of all, the Iron-Off ended up ruining my dish towels, as the fibers of the towels became caked with Iron-Off, and the product stayed on my towels even after washing them in the washing machine (the pic below is of the dish towel after washing - the brown patches are where the Iron-Off product was applied to the dish towel).

Cadie Iron Bottom Cleaner Stick

The instructions direct you to rub the iron bottom cleaner stick onto the bottom of the iron while it is still warm, then let the iron cool and wipe away the residue with a cloth. The cleaner was easy to apply and easy to remove, and it did remove the freshly ironed fusible interfacing as well as some of the long-term built-up brown gunk (but definitely not all). It also left no residue on my dish towels, which was a relief as I didn’t have that many dish towels left after the Iron-Off fiasco.

I should also note that I’ve used other iron cleaner sticks in the past from different brands (though I can’t remember the brand names right now) and had similar experiences - they are easy to use but they don’t fully remove the really caked-on gunk.

Faultless Iron Cleaner

I have seen this product touted in several sewing forums as a miracle iron cleaning product, but I found that this product did not work any better than the other iron cleaning products. The instructions direct you to set your iron to the “cotton” setting, squeeze about two inches of Iron Cleaner to a towel, then rub the iron over the towel. The application method was very similar to Dritz Iron-Off, and perhaps unsurprisingly, the results were very similar as well: the Faultless Iron Cleaner was able to remove the freshly ironed fusible interfacing and a bit of the long-term built-up brown gunk, but there was still quite a lot of the built-up brown gunk remaining on the soleplate, particularly the brown gunk that was in the depressed area around the steam vents. The Iron Cleaner also ruined my dish towel, as the product is caked onto the fibers of the towel and I suspect it will not come off even after washing.

Magic Eraser

I have seen Mr. Clean Magic Eraser work wonders on removing stains from white tabletops, so I had high hopes that it would work to remove the gunk on my iron as well. I set the iron on a high heat setting, dampened the Magic Eraser, placed it on top of a folded towel and then passed the iron over the Magic Eraser several times. Lo and behold: it not only removed the freshly ironed fusible interfacing, but it also removed much of the long-term built-up brown gunk! After passing the iron over the Magic Eraser several times, I switched tactics and picked up the Magic Eraser to scrub the soleplate directly. This allowed me to really get into the depressed areas around the steam vents, and eventually I was rewarded by a sparkling clean soleplate that was completely gunk-free. (I finished the process off by ironing a spare piece of cotton muslin just to make sure that any residue from the Magic Eraser was removed.) This product was far and away the most effective product I tried, and there were no downsides like ruined dish towels or noxious fumes.

Baking Soda + Vinegar Paste

For some reason, there are a ton of websites out there recommending that you use a mixture of vinegar and baking soda to remove the gunk from your soleplate. To be honest, I didn’t get to test this method because the Magic Eraser left my iron sparkling clean so there was no gunk left to remove by the time I got to this cleaning method. However, just from a common sense point of view, using baking soda and vinegar seems like a really messy and time-consuming way to do things - you have to unplug your iron, let it cool down, make the vinegar/baking soda mixture, apply it to the soleplate and scrub with an old brush, then wipe it all off and plug your iron in again. No thank you. The Magic Eraser is much, much easier, and it won’t interrupt your sewing project - you can quickly wipe the gunk off your iron even while it is hot, and get back to your sewing project in less than five minutes.

DSC02167 (2).JPG

Conclusion

The results of my test are clear and unequivocal: Magic Eraser is by far the best choice for removing long-term gunk buildup. Having said that, I could see keeping a used dryer sheet laying around my ironing board, so I can quickly remove the freshly ironed fusible interfacing the next time I accidentally iron the sticky side of my interfacing.

Do I need to do anything else to clean my iron?

In addition to cleaning the soleplate of my iron, I sometimes find that brown water starts spitting out of the steam vents of my iron, which can stain my fabric. When this happens, I know I need to clean the inside of my iron, and I do that following these steps:

  1. Mix together half a cup of white vinegar with half a cup of water.

  2. Pour the mixture into the reservoir of a cool, unplugged iron.

  3. Plug the iron in and set it to steam; press the steam button several times until the steam flows out freely. Let the steam flow for a few minutes.

  4. Unplug the iron and allow to cool, then empty out water and vinegar mixture.

  5. Clear out the steam vents if there is residue blocking them. You can remove this gunk with a cotton bud or used toothbrush.

Do you agree or disagree with my findings? Let me know in the comments below!

15 Questions Beginner Sewers Frequently Ask

Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links and I may earn a small commission when you click on the links at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products I would use myself and all opinions expressed here are my own.

Over the years, I have answered a lot of the same questions over and over from beginners who are just starting their sewing journeys, so I thought I would write a post summarizing my answers to 15 of those frequently-asked questions. Note that my answers are not tips on how to sew perfect garments - the idea here is to balance what you really need to do with what you realistically have the time and energy to do (especially as a beginner).

Please let me know in the comments if you have other questions that you’d like answered - I plan to keep updating this post periodically with new Q&As.

Vintage sewing machine

Equipment

One thing I love about sewing is how easy it is to get started - unlike some of my other hobbies, it doesn’t demand that you buy a ton of expensive gear just to take your first few steps. Below are my thoughts on the bare minimum you need to get started.

Q. Do I need a fancy/expensive sewing machine?

A. No. For beginners, all you need is a sewing machine that has a straight stitch and a zig zag stitch. Everything else is totally unnecessary - you don’t need a million different decorative stitches, you don’t need a computerized machine, you don’t need an automatic needle threader, and you don’t need a dozen different presser feet.

I bought my first sewing machine (a Janome 11543) for about $60, and it was a refurbished machine from overstock.com. It didn’t have any special bells and whistles but it served me very well when I was first starting out. About three years into my sewing obsession, I bought a new machine because I had moved to London and needed a machine with UK voltage. Since I was already buying a new machine, I thought that I would upgrade slightly and look for a machine that made nice buttonholes and had a longer stitch length that I could use for basting. None of that was necessary though - I could have easily continued on with my old machine had I stayed in the US.

Q. What tools do I need to get started?

A. You only need a few tools when you first start:

  1. Dressmaker’s shears. You don’t want to cut fabric with ordinary paper scissors, and you don’t want to cut paper with fabric scissors. Invest in a nice pair and take care of them; they will love you back. I have a pair of Gingher shears that I get sharpened every year, and I consider it one of my most treasured possessions.

  2. Measuring tape. Nothing special here - just use whatever you have lying around.

  3. Pins. I like to use these glass head dressmaker’s pins because they are thin enough to use with delicate fabrics. But honestly, any pins will work - just use whatever you can get when you first start.

  4. Tracing paper and tracing wheel. Use these to transfer markings on the sewing pattern to your fabric.

  5. Seam ripper. Because you will mess up, and when you do, you’ll need this to undo your stitching. This usually comes with your sewing machine, so there’s no need to buy this separately.

If you’re a little further into your sewing journey and you want to invest in a few more tools, here is a list of the tools that I use the most every day:

  1. Rotary cutter and cutting mat. It’s much faster and easier to use a rotary cutter to cut slippery fabrics like silk. I recommend splurging and buying the biggest cutting mat you can afford and have space for - it makes cutting large pieces of fabric much, much easier (which you’ll need to do to make full length skirts and pants).

  2. Large clear plastic ruler. This simple tool makes so many things easier - you can use the grid lines to add seam allowances to patterns, or use the lip on the plastic ruler against the edge of your cutting mat to cut perfect horizontal lines across your fabric.

  3. Walking foot. This makes it much easier to sew delicate fabrics or leather that would shift around if you used an ordinary presser foot. Nowadays my walking foot is my default foot (that I only switch out if I need to use a specialty foot, like my buttonhole foot).

  4. Magnetic pincushion. The old-fashioned stuffed pincushions are cute but impractical - who has time to spend poking pins into the pincushion one by one? Instead, this magnetic pincushion makes it easy to pick up and store pins - you can wave this magnetic pincushion over a pile of pins or simply throw a pin in the general direction of the magnetic pincushion and it will magically stick to the pincushion.

That’s it - you really don’t need a lot of gear to sew. Over the years, I’ve tried lots of little sewing tools but haven’t ended up using most of them on a regular basis.

Q. Do I need a serger?

A. No. It’s nice to have one because it can quickly sew seams and finish the edge at the same time, but you definitely don’t need one to sew knits - instead, you can use the zig zag stitch or the triple stretch stitch on your regular sewing machine. (And if you do want to buy one, it’s not that expensive - I love my Brother 1034D, which costs less than $250.)

fabric-657037_1920.jpg

Fabric

It’s an old adage but it’s true - fabric choice will make or break your project. When I first started sewing and began going to fabric stores, I was completely overwhelmed by the incredible number of fabric types out there, to the point of paralysis. Below are some thoughts on places to buy fabrics and what types of fabrics to buy when you’re first starting out.

Q. Where can I buy fabric, buttons, zippers and other trimmings?

A. When you are first starting out, I strongly recommend buying fabric and trimmings in person, so you can feel different fabrics and start learning about them.

Fabric stores in New York

I recommend going to the Garment District near Times Square, where there are dozens of fabric and trim stores all clustered together. Below are some of my favorites:

  1. B&J Fabrics (7th Ave between 38th and 39th St). Well-organized and well-lit fabric store with really helpful sales staff. Definitely on the higher end but you get what you pay for.

  2. Mood Fabrics (37th St between 7th and 8th Ave). You probably already know about this store from their partnership with Project Runway. It’s not at the top of my list because it can be a bit messy at times and overrun by tourists, but there is no denying that you can find just about every kind of fabric you can possibly imagine, at a variety of price points.

  3. Pacific Trimming (38th St between 7th and 8th Ave). Huge store that carries pretty much every kind of trim, button, elastic, hardware, etc. you can imagine.

  4. Botani Trimming (36th St between 7th and 8th Ave). Same as above - another store that carries a wide variety of trims.

Fabric stores in London

If you’re in London and you’re a beginner, I recommend going to Goldhawk Road, where there are about a dozen stores selling affordable fabrics. I would not recommend going to the fabric stores in Brick Lane, where you’ll get incredibly cheap fabrics that are mostly polyester and difficult to work with.

If you are a bit more experienced and willing to spend a little more cash, head down to Soho in Central London, which has some lovely shops selling high-end fabrics. I like them all, but I probably went to MacCulloch and Wallis the most, just because they were closest to my flat in London and they offered the widest range of fabrics and trims/notions. One place I don’t recommend going is Liberty’s (the department store). You can buy Liberty fabrics at other stores for lower prices, including here.

The shops in Soho are already pricey, but if you are planning a high-end evening or wedding gown of a lifetime, then head to Joel & Son Fabrics near Marble Arch for truly gorgeous (but eye-poppingly expensive) fabrics. I used to live near this store in London so I would stop in to pet the fabrics (but never buy anything).

Online fabric stores

Most of the fabric stores I’ve listed above have online shops, although the selection is much smaller than the in-store selection. In terms of purely online fabric stores, if you live in the US, I highly recommend Emma One Sock because her fabrics are always high quality and she really helpfully organizes them by color family and use, which I think helps make the fabric buying process less overwhelming for beginners. Her descriptions are also really detailed - for example, she tells you the fiber content, weight, and Pantone color (which tells you the true color of the fabric, as all computer monitors are slightly different and they display colors in slightly different ways). Finally, she offers free swatches so you can (and should!) always get a sample before you commit to buying. The swatches are shipped very quickly and they will send you coordinating fabrics (e.g. lining fabric or ribbing) upon request.

For the biggest selection of fabrics, you can always go to fabric.com, and they can be a good choice if you already know exactly what you want and you just want to see it in a million different colorways or prints. However, they aren’t great for browsing and I don’t recommend it for beginners - think of fabric.com as a giant fabric warehouse where you have to find what you’re looking for with little organization or guidance. One warning: the colors in their fabric photos is often REALLY far off from the actual fabric, so always read the reviews and order a swatch before you buy. Their swatches are kind of expensive (usually a few dollars a pop), but what can you do - with this store it’s really essential to swatch before you buy.

Q. What kind of fabric should I use in my first project?

A. It obviously depends a lot on the project, but here are a few general rules of thumb:

  1. Pick a stable woven fabric that doesn’t fray too much, such as cotton poplin, midweight wool coating or even neoprene. Don’t choose something slippery like silk charmeuse or chiffon, which is tricky to handle. Don’t choose a stretchy knit fabric, like a jersey with a high degree of stretch (a stable double knit is fine because it acts more like a stable woven fabric).

  2. Pick something with some subtle texture (e.g. tweed or wool crepe). This will help hide imperfections in your stitching, as your stitches will simply ‘disappear’ into the fabric. By contrast, don’t pick something shiny (like satin) as that will show every bump and imperfection in your stitching.

  3. Stay away from stripes and large-scale prints, which can be tricky because you need to worry about print placement and matching up stripes. To begin with, use solids or small scale prints like polka dots.

  4. In general, avoid using quilting cotton if you’re making a dress. Quilting cottons are usually fairly stiff and they don’t drape against the body in a flattering way.

tape-measure-3872778_1920.jpg

Fitting

Learning to fit garments to your body is one of the trickiest things to get right for beginner sewists (and even more advanced sewists). Below are some of my tidbits of advice on fit:

Q. What size should I cut?

A. Most pattern companies will advise you to measure your chest, waist and hips and then compare your measurements to their size chart to determine which size to cut. That’s probably fine for your first project or two, but sooner rather than later you’ll want to move beyond that because blindly following the size charts is often a recipe for a disappointment, especially if you are using a Vogue / McCall’s / Butterick pattern because they often incorporate a ton of ease into their patterns.

A much better way to decide what size to cut is to look at the finished garment dimensions that are printed on the pattern (see example below) and compare them to my measurements at any point where the garment is fairly fitted. You will want to cut the size that will accommodate your measurements plus your desired amount of ease (for me, that’s usually between 1-2 inches), anywhere the garment is supposed to be fitted to the body. For example, for a fit-and-flare style dress, I would compare the finished garment dimensions at the waist and bust area against my measurements (plus 1 or 2 inches of ease). I don’t need to compare the dimensions for the hip area because I know that the skirt in a fit-and-flare dress is pretty loose around the hips. If, on the other hand, I was making a column dress which was pretty fitted at the bust, waist and hips, then I would want to compare my measurements to the finished garment dimensions at the bust, waist and hip area.

Keep in mind that most people will be different sizes in their chest, waist and hips. That is perfectly fine - just cut each part to the right size and blend them together. For example, I have a thicker waist so I usually need to cut the waist portion of the pattern one size bigger than my chest and hips.

Q. How do I fit my garment?

A. There are an endless variety of fit issues so it is impossible to address fit issues for everyone in an FAQ. My best advice on fit is to (1) buy a reference book like Fit for Real People that includes pictures that can help you diagnose and fix common fit issues; and (2) get to know one pattern company by using several of their patterns and learning what alterations you need to make to their patterns, rather than jumping around and using patterns from many different companies. For example, I’ve sewn a ton of Vogue / McCall’s / Butterick patterns over the years, and by now I have a standard set of adjustments that I always make to their patterns (namely, I’ll cut a size 10 in the chest and hips, grading to a size 12 in the waist; cut a size 6 in the sleeve; remove 1/2 inch at the center back to account for my straight back; and add an inch to the bodice length to account for my long waist.

Q. Can I fit myself?

A. It’s difficult and time consuming, but it can be done. If it is a dress or a fitted top with a back closure, I usually pin or baste a zipper in, then try on the garment inside out, so the seam allowances face to the outside. That makes it easier to pinch out the excess fabric and put a pin in where the new seam should be. I’ll roughly pin or otherwise note where the alteration should be, take the garment off and adjust the pins, then try it on again and make further adjustments. It usually takes several iterations of this before I get the fit just right.

tailoring-2575930_1920.jpg

Construction

Especially in my first few years of sewing, I often wondered if I really needed to do every step shown in the pattern instructions, or if I could just skip some of the steps and finish my project faster (what can I say, I was and am impatient). Below, I answer this age-old question for some of the most common steps in garment construction.

Q. Do I really need to make a muslin/toile?

A. It depends, but I often think the answer is no. (By the way, a muslin or a toile is a test version of the garment, usually made out of a cheap unbleached cotton.) In my opinion, you can skip making a muslin if:

  • It’s a tried-and-true pattern that you’ve used before and you have already worked out all of the kinks.

  • It’s a pattern company that you’re very familiar with (for example, as I noted above I sew a lot of Vogue patterns and by this point, I know what adjustments I always need to make to their patterns to adapt them for my body).

  • It’s a loose-fitting garment (e.g. an oversized coat or a loose dress) or it is made of knit or stretch fabric (e.g. a sweater). In these cases, I would just look at the finished garment dimensions on the pattern, check that it seems like the right amount of ease for me, and move on.

On the other hand, I would make a muslin if:

  • It’s a pattern company that is new to you and that drafts to a body that is very different from yours. For example, when I first started sewing, I was totally enamored of Hot Patterns’ kimono wrap dress (this was back in the day when Kara Saun would rock them on Project Runway), but I knew from reading reviews on the internet that they draft for curvier women, which is not my body shape at all. That’s exactly what happened when I tried making a muslin - I ended up having to take out so much fabric in the bust area that I essentially ended up re-drafting the pattern. Lesson learned.

  • You’re not sure if the style will be flattering and/or you suspect that you might need to make some changes to make the style suit your body type. Last year, I fell in love with a pattern for an off-the-shoulder jacket, but I feared that the off-the-shoulder detail would make me look like a linebacker. I made a muslin and, sure enough, it turned out to be hideously unflattering on me.

  • There are some construction details that you aren’t familiar with and you want to try out beforehand so you don’t mess up the real thing. I did this with the Rachel Comey jumpsuit last year - reading the pattern instructions, I could tell that the construction of the pocket was a bit unusual, so I wanted to make a muslin first so I could get used to the unusual construction technique.

  • You’re planning to make the garment in a really expensive fabric. Obviously, you don’t want to waste your expensive fabric, so it’s worth making a muslin to practice first.

Q. Do I really need to pre-wash my fabric?

A. You rarely need to pre-wash fabric, in my opinion. There is obviously no need to pre-wash fabrics that are going to be sewn into garments that you will dry clean (e.g., silk). I also think you don’t really need to pre-wash fabrics made from manmade fibers (e.g. polyester and nylon). However, if you are using a fabric that will shrink in the wash (e.g., cotton), then it is important to pre-wash. I’ve learned this through bitter experience - a few years ago, I made some wrap dresses out of this gorgeous printed cotton jersey, but they shrank and became child-sized clothes after the first wash.

Q. Do I really need to notch my seams?

A. Yes, if your seam is curved, like around the bust area. (If you don’t know, notching refers to literally cutting notches into your seam allowance.) If you skip this step, your curved seam will not press flat and you won’t get that polished finish (usually in the bust area it results in an unflattering pucker in the nipple area).

Q. Do I really need to grade my seams?

A. Yes, if your fabric is bulky. (If you don’t know, grading seams refers to trimming seam allowances down to different widths. Why different widths? Because if both seam allowances are the same width, that creates a lot of thickness in the same place, which will result in a visible ridge on the outside of the garment. You can avoid that by trimming the seam allowances down to different widths.)

It is also essential to trim your seam allowances if you have a corner seam. If you don’t trim your seam allowances, you won’t get that nice crisp point at your corner. You’ll need to do this even if your fabric isn’t that bulky.

Q. Do I really need to finish my edges?

A. Yes, if you are working with a woven fabric. You don’t if you’re working with knit fabrics or other fabrics that don’t fray (e.g. faux leather or neoprene). It doesn’t have to be a fancy finish - if you’re a beginner, you can just pink the edge using pinking shears or stitch a zigzag stitch and then trim down your seam allowance close to the zigzag.

Q. Do I really need to interface?

A. Yes. Interfacing (i.e., extra fabric added to the inside of your garment to make a part of your garment more rigid) will instantly make your garment look crisper and more professional. It’s the difference between crisp vs. limp collars, lapels and cuffs, and it’s especially important when making coats and jackets. It doesn’t take much time to properly interface your garments if you use fusible interfacing (i.e., interfacing that has glue on one side so it sticks to your fabric when you iron it).

Quick aside: I have experimented with sew-in interfacing over the years (especially when tailoring) and I just don’t think it’s necessary in most cases. I understand that if you want to make a coat that will last for 10 years, you’ll want to use sew-in interfacing and hand pad-stitch the lapel. But these days, I don’t have that kind of time, and I’m probably not going to be wearing the same coat in 10 years, so I just don’t think it’s worth it. I find the fusible tailoring methods shown in Tailoring: The Classic Guide to Sewing the Perfect Jacket to be enough to make a crisp tailored jacket or coat.

Q. Do I really need to staystitch?

A. Personally, I don’t think so. (I’m sure some of you will tell me I’m wrong.) I’ve often skipped this step and I’ve never had a neckline stretch out on me.

(For those who don’t already know, staystitching is when you stitch a straight line to prevent distortion of the fabric, usually around curved edges like necklines. It is usually done when the piece is still flat, before the pieces are sewn together.)